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| Endangered introduced species | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 1 2017, 06:58 PM (1,021 Views) | |
| Thalanx | Jan 1 2017, 06:58 PM Post #1 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Does anyone here know of any cases of a species that is endangered, but has been introduced to places where it did not previously exist, and is possibly doing better in its introduced range than in its native range? Here are some examples that I know of: -The Mariana swiftlet is endangered and was introduced to and is established in Oahu in Hawaii, though it only has a tenuous foothold there. -The Java sparrow is listed as vulnerable, but exists as an exotic species in Hawaii, on Saint Helena, on Christmas Island, and elsewhere (though the introduced populations in some places, such as Fiji, may be on their way out) -The Javan myna is considered threatened in its native range, but has been introduced to and is established in Singapore (where it is now an ecological pest), Malaysia, Taiwan, and probably elsewhere. -The yellow-crested cockatoo (Cacatua sulphurea) is critically endangered, but has a feral population in Hong Kong, and possibly has another feral population in Singapore. -The banteng is endangered, but is a major (if localised) pest in Australia's Northern Territory. -The southern bell frog (Litoria raniformis) is endangered, and the green and golden bell frog (Litoria aurea) is listed as vulnerable, but both species have introduced populations in New Zealand. |
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| Grazier | Jan 1 2017, 07:41 PM Post #2 |
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Omnivore
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The dromedary camel maybe? Isn't it extinct in the wild outside of Australia? |
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| Mesopredator | Jan 1 2017, 10:28 PM Post #3 |
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Disaster taxa
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In Europe the Chinese water deer. To a lesser extent the greater Rhea and the mandarin duck. Monkey puzzle tree apparently got 'invasive' (I think it is a bit early to call it that) in a region of the UK. I got a paper on it if you want, but suppose you can Google Scholar it. Jays have spread it there. Lastly, starlings and house sparrows are declining in the Netherlands and other regions in Europe, while they seem to do fine in their non-native range. (but house sparrows are actually native to the middle east, but people see them as native) Possibly some parrot species that have naturalized in cities. |
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| Thalanx | Jan 1 2017, 11:16 PM Post #4 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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that depends on your definition of 'native'...
to my knowledge, the only introduced parrot species that are truly city-dwellers are rose-ringed parakeets, monk parakeets, rainbow lorikeets (in western Australia only), and possibly the little corella (in some parts of eastern Australia) and the Alexandrine parakeet; none of which are endangered. |
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| Reduvia | Jan 2 2017, 10:24 AM Post #5 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Coquis are declining in Puerto Rico due to the chytrid fungus, but have become invasive pests in Hawaii. (Since there are no native frogs in Hawaii, perhaps the fungus could be used as a control measure? But that might be a bad idea, it could facilitate the spread of fungus to new areas.) |
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| Thalanx | Jan 2 2017, 05:21 PM Post #6 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Another example: The Gough moorhen (classified as vulnerable) was originally endemic to Gough Island, but exists on Tristan da Cunha as an introduced species. |
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| Mesopredator | Jan 5 2017, 08:56 AM Post #7 |
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Disaster taxa
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Well you have a point since house sparrows did expand without introductions in Europe. Usually people make that distinction whatever humans helped their spread by introduction or not. The house crow in the Netherlands used ships, which was first seen as a natural spread but latter not. You could argue that ship assisted expansion is nearly the same as expansion due to human landuse. But that aside. Some do consider species 'naturally' expanding such as the cattle egret invasive (I write 'naturally' because anthropogenic habitats may cause this expansion, and because natural expansion is usually considered okay). Another example is that in Scotland expanding beech trees are considered non-native. What you might find interesting is that some plants introduced to the Netherlands before the discovery of the Americas have protection here and are considered native. To be fair few of them are very expansive, i.e. invasive, anyway. There's more species, they just do not have such large populations. Here's an example of an endangered one: Note that the greater rhea and manderin duck are not in the endangered catagory either, but they are declining. I could easily look on GoogleScholar (will do it in one of the next days anyway) but it always confused me why Europe doesn't have a native Aix ducks since we share our flora and fauna mostly with Asia and North-America. Possibly due to the Ice Age. |
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| Finderskeepers | Jan 5 2017, 08:59 AM Post #8 |
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Omnivore
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I can support the Javan myna. It is vermin. What are the reasons it would thrive on a small densely populated island instead of a larger more forested island? I mean, I've seen Javan mynas in Singapore with malformed toes and one without a foot. And yet they still thrive. |
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| Thalanx | Jan 5 2017, 09:23 AM Post #9 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Really? I don't think I've ever seen anyone consider ship-assisted birds to be natural arrivals. In western Australia, whenever house crows or tree sparrows (which probably only arrive there via ships) are seen, they are reported and then shot by The Authorities.
yes, some people have mixed feelings about whether or not natural colonisers that are highly reliant on man-made habitats can be considered 'native'...
and here I thought that Singaporeans had a pacifistic approach towards most introduced species.
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| Mesopredator | Jan 5 2017, 09:39 AM Post #10 |
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Disaster taxa
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Different cultures, Australia has a non-native species trauma. Some might disagree I suppose, but can't think of any horror stories in my country. Evergreen shrubs and trees might eventually become such a thing, they carry no to little insects and other bugs, have little prospects of bugs adapting to them, and do not allow much or anything at all growing under them. It could turn into ecological wastelands. The house crow is now being exterminated, probably for the better. I read some of the literature on them and some of it reads much of what farmers and hunters have to say about our native crows (exaggerated), but I could see them potentially excluding species in the urban habitat. They are very competitive. Maybe they would outcompete our magpies. |
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| Thalanx | Jan 5 2017, 09:49 AM Post #11 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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I've read that they attack all manner of other animals with no provocation. They've apparently had a small positive impact in Singapore, as they are a common host for koels, which are native, but some probably see a native species becoming more common in this way as being unnatural and undesirable. |
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| Finderskeepers | Jan 5 2017, 12:08 PM Post #12 |
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Omnivore
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We do have a pacifistic approach. It's hard to be angry about invasive species when every species is introduced. I'm just puzzled about how Javan myna do better in urban areas rather than their natural forests. |
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| Mesopredator | Jan 5 2017, 10:57 PM Post #13 |
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Disaster taxa
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In the city there is less competition, fewer predators and plenty of food if you are a generalist species. Though I guess the less competition only applies to interspecific conflict and not intraspecific conflict. I am a bit torn between non-native species, some clearly have negative impacts, others it is not that easy to tell. Sometimes non-natives do very well in manmade habitats that would otherwise have few native species. There's even some non-natives supporting endangered natives, or having a positive effect, though the latter might even out. Even if we would have an endangered species going exinct in their native lands but naturalized and thriving elsewhere you might have a net biodiversity loss. It is not a black and white issue that some people make it out to be, though the argument that it will never increase global biodiversity is pretty solid. |
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| Palaeoscincus | Jan 9 2017, 12:13 PM Post #14 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Its not officially classified as an endangered species but Burmese pythons are listed as a threatened species in many parts of their range but they are thriving in Florida. Also Thalanx, you listed Banteng as a thriving introduced species but its only the domesticated form. If we can list domestic versions of a species, feral water buffalo are also thriving in many introduces areas while the wild form is endangered in its native range. |
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| Grazier | Jan 9 2017, 02:09 PM Post #15 |
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Omnivore
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What is the difference between domestic banteng and wild banteng and ditto for Asiatic water buffalo? I thought the domestic ones were just tamed wild animals like Indian elephants. Anyway are the banteng of Australia really thriving? They seem to have an extremely limited range and small numbers. |
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