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| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,274 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
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M E G A P H Y S E T E R
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Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
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| theropod | Jan 25 2013, 06:47 AM Post #1606 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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in my reconstruction th holotype ended up with a skull only slightly bigger than that of suchomimus, while its vertebrae are far larger according to fragillimus. That would make mnsn more than 45%bigger actually, it seems hard to believe but the dentary is about the same size as in sucho or irritator, even tough it might have fluctuated a bit. |
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| Superiron21 | Jan 25 2013, 09:08 AM Post #1607 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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wich type of sharks lived more than 65 million years in lakes? prey and hunting today is the best way to prove what an animal is capable doing in fights.... lions, tigers..... and that spino was with other theropods doesn't mean that Spino could interact with them (according to his presence in lakes and near.... that shouldn´t happen).. maybe could be the opposite, besides Spino only advantage I consider is intimidation but If were about a prey Spino would have loose even with carcha... that we don't know... not to mention that have to coexist with another excelent preys like triceratops or ankylosaurus to mention a few.... what about the infectious saliva that should be a cool advantage for T.rex. I don't see any robust neck and torso according to it's body in the image... according to it´s size spino´s torso and neck were more narrowed than T-rex and Giga.... sorry pal but it'r relatives porved were baryonix and suchominus... then the lenght that you told me doesn't match? because they used sucho and baryonix to measure spino's size..... Edited by Superiron21, Jan 25 2013, 09:18 AM.
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| Ausar | Jan 25 2013, 09:12 AM Post #1608 |
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Xi-miqa-can! Xi-miqa-can! Xi-miqa-can!
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^ Infectious saliva? Where'd you pull that from? |
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| Superiron21 | Jan 25 2013, 09:29 AM Post #1609 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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that´s still in debate but could be possible... |
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| Superiron21 | Jan 25 2013, 09:30 AM Post #1610 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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that´s still in debate but could be possible... Tyrannosaurus may have had infectious saliva used to kill its prey. This theory was first proposed by William Abler.[112] Abler examined the teeth of tyrannosaurids between each tooth serration; the serrations may have held pieces of carcass with bacteria, giving Tyrannosaurus a deadly, infectious bite much like the Komodo dragon was thought to have. However, Jack Horner regards Tyrannosaurus tooth serrations as more like cubes in shape than the serrations on a Komodo monitor's teeth, which are rounded.[113] All forms of saliva contain possibly hazardous bacteria, so the prospect of it being used as a method of predation is disputable. |
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| Superiron21 | Jan 25 2013, 09:32 AM Post #1611 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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that´s still in debate but could be possible... Tyrannosaurus may have had infectious saliva used to kill its prey. This theory was first proposed by William Abler. Abler examined the teeth of tyrannosaurids between each tooth serration; the serrations may have held pieces of carcass with bacteria, giving Tyrannosaurus a deadly, infectious bite much like the Komodo dragon was thought to have. However, Jack Horner regards Tyrannosaurus tooth serrations as more like cubes in shape than the serrations on a Komodo monitor's teeth, which are rounded. All forms of saliva contain possibly hazardous bacteria, so the prospect of it being used as a method of predation is disputable. |
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| Ausar | Jan 25 2013, 09:36 AM Post #1612 |
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Xi-miqa-can! Xi-miqa-can! Xi-miqa-can!
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Triple post. ^ |
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| Grey | Jan 25 2013, 10:37 AM Post #1613 |
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Kleptoparasite
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Any bite and saliva is potentially toxic, so if Tyrannosaurus had a toxic bite, allosauroids and others possibly had too. The Komodo has lots of a potent bacterias but it turns out its bites are lethal primarily because of some venomous amount, though this is still disputed to my knowledge. However, dinosaurs appears to have been very durable creatures, and T.rex specimens show deep wounds and scars from probable intra-specific bites, without having consequently succumbed. In such a clash of the giant, the animals would die most likely, at least most of the time, because of the direct damages inflcted by the bite and teeth, not because of the infection. I have hard time at no to judge Spinosaurus bite force as wel as the width of its skull. Looking at some skulls models made by users here, though not weak as some argue, it does not stand the comparison in my opinion with full grown T.rex skulls in sheer robustness. However, others models I've seen shows a somewhat more robust shape. Still, can this be confirmed ? Same for the bite force, I've seen numerous times the mention of 2 tons or more of bite force for Spinosaurus. I have to recall that this figure was made by some poster, not resulted from an experimented scholar work. Sakamoto seem to think that Spinosaurus bitten weaker than carcharotosaurids, which are supposed to have bitten three times weaker than Tyrannosaurus according to Therrien et al. And this is from a work of Sakamoto about Baryonyx bite force that the prediction of Spinosaurus biting at 2 tons or more was made on this forum. Two possibilities : Sakamoto only guessed his remark in askabiologist about Spinosaurus bite or the calculation from a member (too much often taken as a fact by users here) is flawed. What is certain is that at now, we don't have posterior part of the skull of Spinosaurus allowing to know the volume of its skull and bite force and we don't have more elements allowing to establish the true size of the owner of the snout found by Dal Sasso in 2005. However, look at this : ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() Tyrannosaurus : ![]() ![]() ![]() If Spinosaurus turns out to be such shaped like this life-sized recreation (that Dal Sasso, Magnuco and Cau claim to be the most reliable in the world and based on incoming research about new elements of the vertebral column and limbs), if it appeared to have been definitely like this, what do you think about the fight against Tyrannosaurus here ? IMO, what I see here is not the weak fish-eater some argues (look at the robust front arms and massive body), nor the gigantic unstoppable warrior dwarfing any other theropod thinked by others either. It would be a powerful, dangerous foe that T.rex would have to deal with, but T.rex has definitely the weaponry to subdue that thing. Spinosaurus neck is easily reachable. T.rex, full grown and in its robust form, takes this more ofen than not. This is my initial opinion at this very first glance, depending if this reconstruction (made by the actual world authorities in spinosaurid research) turns out to be confirmed as reliable in its depiction of Spinosaurus. If true, a large T.rex most likely takes it. Edited by Grey, Jan 25 2013, 11:06 AM.
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| Carcharadon | Jan 25 2013, 11:03 AM Post #1614 |
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Shark Toothed Reptile
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komodo dragons do not kill with infectious bacteria, they kill with VENOM: http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/05/090518-komodo-dragon-venom.html remember that next time. And theres no evidence that t.rex had a bite like a komodo, that was just fakely theorized by jfc Edited by Carcharadon, Jan 25 2013, 11:06 AM.
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| SpinoInWonderland | Jan 25 2013, 11:25 AM Post #1615 |
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The madness has come back...
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Yes. It's a 12-tonne theropod vs a 6-tonne one...
They were much smaller than Spinosaurus, thus they are weaker. Common sense man...
Do I need to make a size comparison to embarass you? Spinosaurus was taller than Tyrannosaurus, AT HIP HEIGHT.
Sail? It's more likely a muscular ridge. Read carefully. The spines of Spinosaurus do not actually resemble the spines of the sailbacked animals. They are too broad, and the spaces between the spines are too small to effectively span skin in between. Sailbacks don't have broad spines, they have thin rods. If Spinosaurus had a sail, it would have thin rods, but that is not the case. Spinosaurus: ![]() Dimetrodon: ![]() In fact, the spines of Spinosaurus resemble those of bison more than those of Dimetrodon. However, a hump would have been too heavy for a biped. Thus, the most likely, is that Spinosaurus had a muscular ridge. Similar to that Acrocanthosaurus likely had, but much taller. This is further supported by the fact that broad spines are used as muscle attachments in living animals.
And it's torso as well. Actually, most of Apatosaurus' strength is at it's torso and legs.
Spinosaurus needed stronger muscles to carry itself, let alone move. And Spinosaurus needed to take on Bahariasaurus, Sauroniops, and Carcharodontosaurus.
Dinosaur George is not a reliable source.
Giant theropods =/= Modern Predators
It was not proven, stop making up BS. And JP3 Spinosaurus was only between 13.3 and 13.4 meters long, even IPHG 1912 outsizes it. |
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| MightyMaus | Jan 25 2013, 12:49 PM Post #1616 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Too much Tyrannosaurs fanboyism just hit this thread. I will make it VERY simple. Tyrannosaurus was the strongest, best, most awesome theropod...AT PARITY. But when your opponent is literally over TWICE your size, you are very unlikely to win. And btw, the Spinosaurus in my scale was not oversized at all. 18 meters for Spino to 12.2 meters for Sue. Tyrannosaurus was an awesome predator, but pitting it against an enemy twice its size is simply unfair.
Edited by MightyMaus, Jan 25 2013, 12:50 PM.
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| Grey | Jan 25 2013, 01:33 PM Post #1617 |
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Kleptoparasite
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There is fanboyism in both sides. If look at Magnuco and others reconstruction, based on data in future publication, Spinosaurus does not seem to outclass any others theropods, but rivals them. I don't know yet if it will be confirmed or not, but nobody can argue that Spinosaurus was such larger than any other. If the reconstruction in Milan turns out to be true, I objectively gives this to Tyrannosaurus. You people must learn to, even if favoring by pure personnal liking one of the animals, to consider all possibilities and the most serious provided. I definitely favor the life-sized reconstruction made by actual most experienced spinosaurids experts than any of your scales guys. |
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| SpinoInWonderland | Jan 25 2013, 01:37 PM Post #1618 |
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The madness has come back...
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It assumes that the short legs belonged to the same specimen as the 175-cm skull... It's just a speculative reconstruction like any other...
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| TheROC | Jan 25 2013, 01:41 PM Post #1619 |
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Herbivore
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It is terrible that we'll have to wait for a new paper for as long as 2014 for Spinosaurus. Until then, I really don't think its worth even discussing the outcome of a thread like this. We're living in pure uncertainty, and I don't feel comfortable making any kind of predictions, even if I make the caveatof 'if this is true, then this will be so' etc. Edited by TheROC, Jan 25 2013, 01:41 PM.
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| SpinoInWonderland | Jan 25 2013, 01:42 PM Post #1620 |
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The madness has come back...
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It also assumes that Spinosaurus was drastically different from relatives, which is not proven at all. Assuming that Spinosaurus was an oddball is far more speculative than assuming that it had the proportions of related spinosaurids... |
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