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| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,218 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
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M E G A P H Y S E T E R
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Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
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| MightyMaus | Apr 16 2013, 07:32 AM Post #2446 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Thanks for getting that quote up for me. And, as far as I understand, the isotope measurements have almost nothing to do with diet, and almost everything to do with water transpiration throughout the animal's life. |
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| MightyMaus | Apr 16 2013, 07:36 AM Post #2447 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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I think Spinosaurus might have filled the role of ecological bully. It had the size, strength, and appearance to drive any other predator off their kill. It was probably a bit too slow for super active hunting, other than sauropods and aquatic prey. I feel the Bear/Spinosaurus comparison is quite adequate. |
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| 7Alx | Apr 16 2013, 07:38 PM Post #2448 |
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Herbivore
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Even if "T-rex" is nickname, i still prefer use T. rex or Tyrannosaurus... I don't need to say, why. |
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| theropod | Apr 16 2013, 11:34 PM Post #2449 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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There is no reason to use it, T. rex doesn't take longer to write and sounds the same... |
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| Shaochilong | Apr 17 2013, 12:02 AM Post #2450 |
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Herbivore
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And plus it is a scientifically valid name. |
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| Drift | Apr 19 2013, 11:11 AM Post #2451 |
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High Spined Lizard
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Agreed |
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| theropod | Apr 20 2013, 12:21 AM Post #2452 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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And why is it me who has to bring even more evidence than the evidence you are ignoring, not you who has to bring evidence for the contrary? |
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| MightyMaus | Apr 22 2013, 10:01 AM Post #2453 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Something important I just stumbled upon, the preserved snout of MSNM V4047 is 99cm to the front of the antorbital fenestra. The entire preserved specimen is closer to 1.08 meters long. When I scale up skulls to that size, they tend to be about 1.85-2 meters long. |
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| Deleted User | Apr 22 2013, 12:25 PM Post #2454 |
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=0 I forgot about that argument me and that other guy had. |
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| Jinfengopteryx | Apr 22 2013, 04:52 PM Post #2455 |
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Aspiring paleontologist, science enthusiast and armchair speculative fiction/evolution writer
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Where did you get that number from? |
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| theropod | Apr 23 2013, 04:06 AM Post #2456 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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I guess he scaled it to 99cm from the premaxilalry tip to the anteriormost rim of the AoF. But the paper sais this specimen was 99cm long, not that some specific dimension was that long. It just states it was preserved up to the rostral portion of the AoF, which it is, not that the measurements refers to the lenght up to the ROSTRALMOST portion. as you see, there are several centimetres of maxillary "main body" (can hardly call it main body here...) below the fenestra, and those are probably included in the lenght figure. |
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| Deleted User | Apr 23 2013, 07:11 AM Post #2457 |
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Deleted User
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@brolyeupfusion Are you STILL going for spino :()()() |
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| MightyMaus | Apr 23 2013, 07:58 AM Post #2458 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Well, it is the logical choice after all!
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| Deleted User | Apr 23 2013, 11:59 AM Post #2459 |
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Deleted User
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... |
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| theropod | Apr 24 2013, 01:38 AM Post #2460 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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He is right! What's so funny about that? |
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