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| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,183 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
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M E G A P H Y S E T E R
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Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
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| Spinodontosaurus | Jan 25 2014, 06:44 AM Post #2971 |
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Herbivore
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Spinosaurus exists. The remains we have indicate an animal in the same sort of size range as the largest known theropods - whether that be an animal the size of Acrocanthosaurus, one the size of a large Tyrannosaurus or one larger still is the part up for debate. To dismiss rigorous reconstructions as 'guesswork' is to dismiss science itself as guesswork. |
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| Canadianwildlife | Jan 25 2014, 06:47 AM Post #2972 |
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Apex Predator
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It's guesswork, that's clearly a fact! They still cannot prove its size, and they are still guessing it. |
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| TheMechaBaryonyx789 | Jan 25 2014, 06:49 AM Post #2973 |
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Herbivore
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I was talking about the Edmontosaurus that survived a bite to the head from Tyrannosaurus... And I am not saying he is insane... I said that he shouldn't instantly assume that the Iguanodon was scavenged. It is likely that the immature Baryonyx specimen hunted the sub- adult Iguanodon. There are other examples from Spinosaurids around the globe, I would still rather compare Spinosaurus' jaws to a crocodile and not a gharial. Edited by TheMechaBaryonyx789, Jan 25 2014, 06:53 AM.
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| Jinfengopteryx | Jan 25 2014, 06:59 AM Post #2974 |
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Aspiring paleontologist, science enthusiast and armchair speculative fiction/evolution writer
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1. Could you post this? Sorry, I read insanely, instead of instantly (don't ask me how this happened). Anyway, he didn't instantly assumed this, he was just asking for evidence. |
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| Jinfengopteryx | Jan 25 2014, 07:01 AM Post #2975 |
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Aspiring paleontologist, science enthusiast and armchair speculative fiction/evolution writer
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Of course it is a fact, but I found it redundant because paleontology simply consists for the greatest part of speculation. Why not work with what we have? |
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| TheMechaBaryonyx789 | Jan 25 2014, 07:03 AM Post #2976 |
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Herbivore
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http://news.nationalgeographic.co.uk/news/2013/13/130228-duckbill-tyrannosaurus-dinosaur-wound-scar-science/ |
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| theropod | Jan 25 2014, 07:10 AM Post #2977 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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Best compare it to a false gharial, or a slender-snouted crocodile (or a freshwater crocodile). |
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| Jinfengopteryx | Jan 25 2014, 07:10 AM Post #2978 |
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Aspiring paleontologist, science enthusiast and armchair speculative fiction/evolution writer
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@TheMechaBaryonyx789, with near certainty, this Tyrannosaurus did not get a good bite, otherwise there would have been crushed bones. I doubt anyone here believes all of Tyrannosaurus' bites will be good. Most large tetrapods simply don't have a perfect precision and the same of course applies to Spinosaurus', too.I agree (this is what the study was about), I just wanted to show that most crocodiles are no good comparison. Edited by Jinfengopteryx, Jan 25 2014, 07:11 AM.
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| TheMechaBaryonyx789 | Jan 25 2014, 07:17 AM Post #2979 |
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Herbivore
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True. |
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| theropod | Jan 25 2014, 07:20 AM Post #2980 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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They undoubtedly aren’t. Spinosaurus snout morphology is still different, and its tooth morphology even more so. It has the large teeth of a big crocodylus, in a rostrum similarly robust to a slender-snouted crocodile, but deeper, narrower in shape. All this suggests it did not have the emphasis on gripping and bite force that the closest crocodilian analogies have (only logical, since it was not as reliant on just its jaws, being a semi-terrestrial biped with giant, clawed forelimbs whose ulnae were as robust as other theropod’s humeri), but was well-built for efficient and deep puncturing (eg. to kill a large fish efficiently and quickly). |
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| Drift | Jan 25 2014, 07:28 AM Post #2981 |
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High Spined Lizard
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No evidence to support a claim makes it an opinion |
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| TheMechaBaryonyx789 | Jan 25 2014, 07:28 AM Post #2982 |
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Herbivore
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I was just wondering: ![]() Spinosaurus appears to have a far more impressive skull than Sarcosuchus in lateral view, but Sarcosuchus appears to have a far more impressive skull in top view. Could you explain which would have a stronger bite force? It seems that Spinosaurus would have a stronger bite than Sarcosuchus judging from lateral view, but it appears to be the exact opposite from top view. |
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| TheMechaBaryonyx789 | Jan 25 2014, 07:32 AM Post #2983 |
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Herbivore
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![]() He meant it could also fight with its very robust forelimbs and claws. |
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| Drift | Jan 25 2014, 07:45 AM Post #2984 |
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High Spined Lizard
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I fully understood what he meant,unless there can be sources noted of paleontologists who support this than i won't humor it.Assumptions (in terms of any matter) will get your hopes up only to be dashed on the rocks when the facade that was accepted as truth,falls |
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| Canadianwildlife | Jan 25 2014, 08:41 AM Post #2985 |
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Apex Predator
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Yeah I know, but because of that fact, spinosaurous fans have no right to boast that it would beat a t-rex because of the fact I stated. I'm glad they are trying to find out more of what they have, but the best they can do id duduct. Maybe a whole skeleton will be found soon. |
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