| Welcome to Carnivora. We hope you enjoy your visit. You're currently viewing our forum as a guest. This means you are limited to certain areas of the board and there are some features you can't use. If you join our community, you'll be able to access member-only sections, and use many member-only features such as customizing your profile and voting in polls. Registration is simple, fast, and completely free. Join our community! If you're already a member please log in to your account to access all of our features: |
| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
|---|---|
| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,354 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
![]()
M E G A P H Y S E T E R
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
|
![]() |
|
| Replies: | |
|---|---|
| theropod | Sep 8 2012, 11:33 PM Post #406 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
it´s neck and skull needs to hold all the weight. some additional muscle attachment for the complexus at the spines would be very useful. |
![]() |
|
| Verdugo | Sep 8 2012, 11:50 PM Post #407 |
![]()
Large Carnivores Enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
Really ?? I can lift something 1/9 my weight with 1 finger and Spinosaurus need additional muscles just to do that !! Only animals with a very massive head has addidtional muscles like Amphicyon ingens, Hyaenodon, Entelodon, Daeodon,... or animals hunt very large preys like Acrocanthosaurus. Spinosaurus has neither, why does it need addiontional muscles |
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:01 AM Post #408 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
haven´t you read whatr i wrote? it has to pull out 2t struggling sawfish! and a 2t sawfish rather 1/6 of the spinosaurus weight, not to mention when it is specialized in it, it will evolve additional muscles. if you regularly had to lift something that´s heavy you would also get stronger muscles, even tough you could also lift it without them, but with more effort. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:01 AM Post #409 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
it wouldn't be in the sail though. |
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:02 AM Post #410 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
and seriously, do you think T. rex needs it´s neck muscles to kill? it´s prey will also be dead from one well placed bite, nevertheless it has strong neck muscles. evolution also creates features for the lifeform to work better, not just to work at all. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:04 AM Post #411 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
t-rex head and neck muscles is what gives it such a devastating bite and allowed it to control struggling prey., so yes it needs all its muscles as it had to prey on armored creatures.
Edited by Black Ice, Sep 9 2012, 01:05 AM.
|
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:05 AM Post #412 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
can you give men an example for a sail? no! why should it rather have a sail than a muscular crest? do you think in an endotherm animal in a warm climate such a feature would rather evolve than a muscle attachment? furthermore we actually know forms with smaller spines, so it is likely that they actually evolved from muscle attachments. |
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:06 AM Post #413 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
whether the neck is strong or not has no direct effect on the bite strenght, it´s not like in allosaurs as long as it´s levator mandibularis muscles work, it can bite through the armour. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:06 AM Post #414 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
Can you give me proof there were muscles in the sail? you made the claim, not me. I just disagreed so since you made the claim then you should have had some type of evidence to back it up rather then just guesswork. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:07 AM Post #415 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
the neck is what allowed it to control its prey and keep it from snapping its own jaw off. if you had a powerful jaw and a weak neck and you bit full force you would break your own neck like a stick. |
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:09 AM Post #416 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
I don´t see the logic. |
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:11 AM Post #417 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
What? You made the claim that it was a sail, not me. There is simply nothing indicating this more so than a crest. at least the spines have virtually no space in between and there is no reason why they should be as robust as they are when they only had to dtiffen a sail. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:11 AM Post #418 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
It's simple. In order to have a insanely high bite force, your neck and head must be strong enough to withstand the pressure of the jaw when you use that force, added on to the fact it was holding on to struggling prey, if it had weak neck muscles but a strong jaw, since it's neck can't take the full force from the power of the bite, it would shatter its jaw. |
![]() |
|
| Black Ice | Sep 9 2012, 01:12 AM Post #419 |
![]()
Drom King
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
No you started it by saying it could be used for extra muscle. i merely disagreed. you don't need extra muscle to kill something 1/6 your size. Edited by Black Ice, Sep 9 2012, 01:12 AM.
|
![]() |
|
| theropod | Sep 9 2012, 01:13 AM Post #420 |
|
palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]()
|
Spinosaurus was also holding on struggling prey. but the force excerted by the jaw muscles is solely pushing the lower jaw agaisnt the cranium, that has nothing to do with your neck. Theorethically a T. rex could still bite with a broken neck assuming it survived. |
![]() |
|
| 2 users reading this topic (2 Guests and 0 Anonymous) | |
| Go to Next Page | |
| « Previous Topic · Dinosauria Interspecific Conflict · Next Topic » |
| Theme: Dinosauria light | Track Topic · E-mail Topic |
2:24 AM Jul 14
|
Powered by ZetaBoards Premium · Privacy Policy


)



![]](http://z4.ifrm.com/static/1/pip_r.png)






2:24 AM Jul 14