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| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,089 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
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M E G A P H Y S E T E R
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Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
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| blaze | Nov 15 2015, 05:40 AM Post #4381 |
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Carnivore
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@SpinoInWonderland Odd, I was looking at the version of the reconstruction shown in the National Geographic issue (I bought the thing lol) and that one has more flesh. @Dunkleosteus Gigas Good, want me to share with you the publication on Baryonyx? as for the original publication on Spinosaurus, you can find it here, just search for Stromer 1915. |
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| SpinoInWonderland | Nov 15 2015, 05:41 AM Post #4382 |
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The madness has come back...
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@Dunkleosteus Gigas: What is it with you and Baryonyx-based Spinosaurus estimates? Can't you just use the Ibrahim et al. reconstruction as a base already? Guess that we should still reconstruct Deinocheirus based on Struthiomimus despite having more of it's skeleton uncovered XD Edited by SpinoInWonderland, Nov 15 2015, 05:43 AM.
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| Thalassophoneus | Nov 15 2015, 05:54 AM Post #4383 |
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Pelagic Killer
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I have a serious problem. I have some kind of "Trust Center" that blocks the file. Such technological issues can be really irritating and uncomfortable. I wasn't sure about the validity of the results cause Ibrahim's model is considered by many to be kinda "wrong". I'll try this too. Edited by Thalassophoneus, Nov 15 2015, 05:57 AM.
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| Mirounga leonina | Nov 15 2015, 06:03 AM Post #4384 |
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Herbivore
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Try opening it with Google doc. Edited by Mirounga leonina, Nov 15 2015, 06:04 AM.
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| blaze | Nov 15 2015, 06:09 AM Post #4385 |
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Carnivore
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@SpinoInWonderland Well, he can try to verify their estimates, after all, even with the new specimen the vertebral column is not completely known and I'm pretty sure Ibrahim et al. used the proportional changes in the vertebral column of Baryonyx to help cross scale the holotype and the new specimen. @Mirounga leonina I understood that it's an antivirus of sorts that's blocking the file from even being downloaded. @Dunkleosteus Gigas Try this: Edit: removed the links, better ones are in theropod's post. Edited by blaze, Nov 15 2015, 08:05 AM.
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| Thalassophoneus | Nov 15 2015, 06:20 AM Post #4386 |
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Pelagic Killer
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Nevermind. I found it on PDF. I will keep it in mind to use it some time. http://www.dinochecker.com/papers/Stromers-Egypt-expedition_Spinosaurus_Stromer_1915.pdf Yes. it needs at least 5 words Edited by Thalassophoneus, Nov 15 2015, 06:21 AM.
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| blaze | Nov 15 2015, 06:24 AM Post #4387 |
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Carnivore
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The link is in my previous post. |
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| Mirounga leonina | Nov 15 2015, 06:27 AM Post #4388 |
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Herbivore
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That's one possibility but lets not debate over mundane things. |
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| Thalassophoneus | Nov 15 2015, 06:30 AM Post #4389 |
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Pelagic Killer
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OK. I have both of them. https://app.box.com/s/0xh4c23o07srkeb0a6qiy32rjpv89ilr |
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| theropod | Nov 15 2015, 07:45 AM Post #4390 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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Both are actually available on the BHL, and a translation of Stromer (1915) is on Paleoglot. http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/36949178#page/199/mode/1up http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/124817#page/93/mode/1up Just sayin’… Edited by theropod, Nov 15 2015, 07:45 AM.
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| blaze | Nov 15 2015, 08:02 AM Post #4391 |
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Carnivore
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Yeah. I forgot where I got them haha |
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| Thalassophoneus | Nov 15 2015, 05:54 PM Post #4392 |
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Pelagic Killer
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Do not expect me to do the calculations like very soon. I have this habit to start something and finish it after a long time. Or sometimes I have to DECIDE to start. |
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| Jaws | Nov 16 2015, 06:38 AM Post #4393 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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MISMATCH 9 t Tyranosaur vs 7 t Spinosaur Tyrannosaurus owns this fightBroly did you post the giant theropod size comparison in 2012 or 2013? Edited by Jaws, Nov 16 2015, 06:41 AM.
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| The supersaurus | Nov 30 2015, 12:05 PM Post #4394 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Are you talking about the 9 ton one?^ |
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| Jaws | Nov 30 2015, 02:36 PM Post #4395 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Yes Im talking about FMNH PR 2081 |
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