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| Spinosaurus aegyptiacus v Tyrannosaurus rex | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM (459,305 Views) | |
| Wolf Eagle | Jan 7 2012, 02:16 AM Post #1 |
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M E G A P H Y S E T E R
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Tyrannosaurus rex Tyrannosaurus is a genus of coelurosaurian theropod dinosaur. The species Tyrannosaurus rex (rex meaning "king" in Latin), commonly abbreviated to T. rex, is a fixture in popular culture. It lived throughout what is now western North America, with a much wider range than other tyrannosaurids. Fossils are found in a variety of rock formations dating to the Maastrichtian age of the upper Cretaceous Period, 67 to 65.5 million years ago.[1] It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to exist before the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event. Like other tyrannosaurids, Tyrannosaurus was a bipedal carnivore with a massive skull balanced by a long, heavy tail. Relative to the large and powerful hindlimbs, Tyrannosaurus forelimbs were small, though unusually powerful for their size, and bore two clawed digits. Although other theropods rivaled or exceeded Tyrannosaurus rex in size, it was the largest known tyrannosaurid and one of the largest known land predators. By far the largest carnivore in its environment, Tyrannosaurus rex may have been an apex predator, preying upon hadrosaurs and ceratopsians, although some experts have suggested it was primarily a scavenger. The debate over Tyrannosaurus as apex predator or scavenger is among the longest running in paleontology. Tyrannosaurus rex was one of the largest land carnivores of all time; the largest complete specimen, FMNH PR2081 ("Sue"), measured 12.8 metres (42 ft) long, and was 4.0 metres (13.1 ft) tall at the hips. Mass estimates have varied widely over the years, from more than 7.2 metric tons (7.9 short tons), to less than 4.5 metric tons (5.0 short tons), with most modern estimates ranging between 5.4 and 6.8 metric tons (6.0 and 7.5 short tons). Packard et al. (2009) tested dinosaur mass estimation procedures on elephants and concluded that dinosaur estimations are flawed and produce over-estimations; thus, the weight of Tyrannosaurus could be much less than usually estimated. Other estimations have concluded that the largest known Tyrannosaurus specimens had a weight exceeding 9 tonnes. ![]() Spinosaurus aegyptiacus Spinosaurus is a genus of theropod dinosaur which lived in what is now North Africa, from the lower Albian to lower Cenomanian stages of the Cretaceous period, about 112 to 97 million years ago. Spinosaurus may be the largest of all known carnivorous dinosaurs, even larger than Tyrannosaurus and Giganotosaurus. Estimates published in 2005 and 2007 suggest that it was 12.6 to 18 metres (41 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 20.9 tonnes (7.7 to 23.0 short tons) in weight. The skull of Spinosaurus was long and narrow like that of a modern crocodilian. Spinosaurus is thought to have eaten fish; evidence suggests that it lived both on land and in water like a modern crocodilian. The distinctive spines of Spinosaurus, which were long extensions of the vertebrae, grew to at least 1.65 meters (5.4 ft) long and were likely to have had skin connecting them, forming a sail-like structure, although some authors have suggested that the spines were covered in fat and formed a hump. Multiple functions have been put forward for this structure, including thermoregulation and display. Dal Sasso et al. (2005) assumed that Spinosaurus and Suchomimus had the same body proportions in relation to their skull lengths, and thereby calculated that Spinosaurus was 16 to 18 meters (52 to 59 ft) in length and 7 to 9 tonnes (7.7 to 9.9 short tons) in weight. The Dal Sasso et al. estimates were criticized because the skull length estimate was uncertain, and (assuming that body mass increases as the cube of body length) scaling Suchomimus which was 11 meters (36 ft) long and 3.8 tonnes (4.2 short tons) in mass to the range of estimated lengths of Spinosaurus would produce an estimated body mass of 11.7 to 16.7 tonnes (12.9 to 18.4 short tons).
Edited by Taipan, Apr 24 2015, 10:10 PM.
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| theropod | Dec 25 2012, 08:07 AM Post #1141 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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A ridge of muscle doesn´t ahve to be very thick and heavy, not much thicker than a sail actually. |
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| Black Ice | Dec 25 2012, 08:31 AM Post #1142 |
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Drom King
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It would still force a quadrupedal stance in spinosaurus. |
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| TheROC | Dec 25 2012, 09:40 AM Post #1143 |
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Herbivore
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I notice we rarely seem to get overhead views of animals, and thus most visual comparisons of any kind are from their profiles. Dorsal views are important too, and its unfortunate that the two don't accompany each other more often. Here's a dorsal comparison of a 12 meter T.Rex, an equal length Spinosaurus (obviously the t.rex's tail is curved a bit and its head and neck not fully parallel to the ground), and a full sized one. ![]() |
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| theropod | Dec 25 2012, 09:45 AM Post #1144 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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Do you really think so? don't forget apart from that spinosaurs wheren't that bulky, if an animal like T.rex, which has a far more compact chest could still stand, I dont see a reason for a spinosaur with some spines that have muscles attached to them to be incapable of bipedalism. |
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| theropod | Dec 25 2012, 09:47 AM Post #1145 |
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palaeontology, open source and survival enthusiast
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nice scale! how long is that spino? |
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| bone crusher | Dec 25 2012, 10:09 AM Post #1146 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Now you're just spilling BS, giga was 12.2m according to the latest data while Sue was 12.3m, where the hell did a 1-2m longer specimen come from? What do you mean just about any estimate? Giga is about the weight of an average T Rex, so if we also apply the 3d method on the holotype it would probably be 8 -8.5 tons roughly the same as Stan but still lighter than Sue. You really sound like you're desperate for giga or carchy to be heavier for some reason. |
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| bone crusher | Dec 25 2012, 10:15 AM Post #1147 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Dear god that skull from the dorsal view looked pathetically thin. Really makes me think if T Rex can just crush Spino's skull outright with a full powered bite. Edited by bone crusher, Dec 25 2012, 10:19 AM.
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| TheROC | Dec 25 2012, 10:46 AM Post #1148 |
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Herbivore
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between 17-18 meters |
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| bone crusher | Dec 25 2012, 10:52 AM Post #1149 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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Against a 17m Spino, I can see T Rex UCMP 137538 be the only theropod up for the task. The size discrepancy is just too big for the rest.
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| Fragillimus335 | Dec 25 2012, 10:55 AM Post #1150 |
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Omnivore
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The 4 ton estimate wasn't made because of a length disparity, but because of a simple underestimation. The holotype spino was roughly 12-14 meters long, and any theropod that size is quite a bit more than 4 tons! |
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| TheROC | Dec 25 2012, 12:02 PM Post #1151 |
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Herbivore
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The 10 tons at 18 meters makes absolutely no sense. that would require spinosaurids to weigh multiple times less than typical theropods at equal lengths. they do not. as you can see, weight estimates for equal sized baryonyx and allosaurus are more or less the same. To put this '10 tons at 18 meters' idea to rest, let us look at struthiomimus; It's pretty much an ostrich with a long tail and arms, and thus it has a similar weight estimate to what ostriches attain. Let's take a struthiomimus of 14 feet in length and 330 lbs, and make it 18 meters long. How much would it weigh then? By simple square-cube scaling, we'd see that it would weigh 12.1 tons. Look at that struthio skeleton, and tell me how gracile it is compared to more typical theropods. |
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| Fragillimus335 | Dec 25 2012, 12:11 PM Post #1152 |
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Omnivore
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Thanks for the example Roc, sometimes the simplest explanation has the greatest impact! Even a 16 meter Struthio would weigh ~8.6 tons! IMHO, Spinosaurus being 16-18 meters long, would weigh 15-17 tons. |
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| dinosaur | Dec 25 2012, 12:41 PM Post #1153 |
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Heterotrophic Organism
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I don't think so. Rexy is trong enough.
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| Black Ice | Dec 25 2012, 02:47 PM Post #1154 |
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Drom King
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Spinosaurus is much bigger than t.rex. That is all your proof their. Added in the study I posted it said that if spinosaurus DID need extra muscle to power its neck, then its weird how t.rex didn't have a ridge then either since its skull was much more heavy and powerful. Spinosaurus it too big to have a muscular ridge and still be a bipedal. It was most likely a heat disapating tool like stegosaurus back plates or similiar, or maybe even used just as visual displays to attract mates Edited by Black Ice, Dec 25 2012, 02:49 PM.
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| Fragillimus335 | Dec 25 2012, 02:56 PM Post #1155 |
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Omnivore
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Steg's plates were probably not primarily developed for thermoregulation, and neither was Spino's crest. I suspect both were primarily for display, with muscular attachment as a bonus for Spinosaurus.
Edited by Fragillimus335, Dec 25 2012, 02:57 PM.
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Rexy is trong enough.

2:23 AM Jul 14