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| American Black Bear - Ursus americanus | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 07:54 PM (12,091 Views) | |
| Full Throttle | Dec 23 2013, 01:37 AM Post #16 |
Apex Predator
  ![]](http://b2.ifrm.com/28122/87/0/p701956/pipright.png)
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  The seldom seen "Glacier" phase of black bear. Photographed in the Yukon in 2012 |
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| Koolyote | Mar 12 2014, 04:34 AM Post #17 |
Martes
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^ Beautiful animal ! |
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| Full Throttle | Nov 13 2014, 12:03 AM Post #18 |
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Apex Predator
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Great trailcam photo:
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| Full Throttle | Nov 17 2014, 07:01 AM Post #19 |
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Apex Predator
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Fantastic and rarely captured event:    |
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| maker | Dec 26 2014, 11:30 AM Post #20 |
Apex Predator
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650 lb (295 kg) killed in Virginia: http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/man-kills-650-pound-black-bear-while-hunting-in-fauquier-county/2014/12/24/081b8bc8-8b80-11e4-9e8d-0c687bc18da4_story.html Phoenix, Arizona: http://www.oregonlive.com/today/index.ssf/2014/12/elusive_black_bear_in_phoenix.html |
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| Warsaw2014 | Jan 15 2015, 11:03 PM Post #21 |
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Herbivore
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Table 1: Signalment and approximate time to sampling for liver samples from 12 legally, hunter-killed black bears in North Carolina,  file:///home/c3po/Pobrane/288-2548-2-PB.pdf |
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| Full Throttle | Jan 21 2015, 08:08 AM Post #22 |
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Apex Predator
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 A grizzly and a black bear sharing a steer carcass. Surprising and rare behavior. |
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| Warsaw2014 | Jan 23 2015, 04:54 AM Post #23 |
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Herbivore
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 By CHRIS REBER Posted Jul. 28, 2014 @ 4:41 pm Updated Jul 28, 2014 at 4:48 PM Linda Klein has seen so many bears near her home in Smithfield Township, it takes something unique to catch her attention. Enter a three-legged bear on her property. “We couldn't believe our eyes when we saw that,” Klein said Monday. “I was wondering if anybody ever saw a three-legged bear before.” Evidently, others have. Klein is one of three Pocono Record readers who reported seeing a three-legged bear in the Poconos this summer. Last week, a reader in Tobyhanna sent a photo of a three-legged bear. And there have also been sightings in the area of Penn Estates in Stroud Township. Experts said seeing a bear missing a limb is uncommon but not unheard of. Most times, it happens after a bear suffers a traumatic leg injury, either by being struck by a vehicle or an errant bullet during hunting season, according to Kevin Wenner, wildlife management supervisor for the Pennsylvania Game Commission. “We do occasionally see bears showing up missing a leg in the harvest,” Wenner said. After a bear loses a limb, it can clean the wound and eventually it will heal over, Wenner said. Afterward, it can walk almost normally. Klein said the bear she saw had no limp or hitch in its walk. “It's always amazing the injuries that animals are able to persist through,” Wenner said. “When you think of the injuries that put us humans down, we have a low pain threshold.” Wenner pointed out that bears can recover from major injuries with the benefit of having few natural predators in our area. Smaller, prey animals would have a more difficult time avoiding predators while recovering from those injuries. He said he's seen some bears in the field who continue to thrive despite losing a limb. In one case, a female bear raised cubs despite a missing limb. “I've seen or heard of a variety of healed-over injuries that just amaze you,” he said. Wenner said there's a decent chance that the bear that Klein saw could be the same bear seen in Tobyhanna. Bears have been known to cover large distances, especially during their mating season, which runs from June through July. “Don't rule that out,” he said. “The males are making some big moves — 20-30 miles is no problem for a bear.” Even one with three legs http://www.poconorecord.com/article/20140728/News/140729825 
Edited by Warsaw2014, Jan 23 2015, 04:57 AM.
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| Full Throttle | Feb 18 2015, 12:16 PM Post #24 |
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Apex Predator
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Just some cool photos:    |
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| Full Throttle | Feb 23 2015, 09:21 AM Post #25 |
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Apex Predator
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"Told the game warden about some bear tracks we've been picking up around one of our hog feeders, so they set up a trap to catch him. The bear also seems to like pork too, as we found this freshly killed hog next to the trap when we caught him, he'd broken the hog's back with one bite...."  
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| Full Throttle | May 19 2015, 01:08 AM Post #26 |
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Apex Predator
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Massive individual from North Carolina:
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| Taipan | May 22 2015, 05:57 PM Post #27 |
Administrator
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Genetic maps help conservation managers maintain healthy bears Date: May 21, 2015 Source: University of Missouri-Columbia Summary: A comprehensive genetic study of American black bears throughout North America has been completed by scientists. They discovered that black bears in Alaska are more closely related to bears in the eastern regions of the US and Canada than those located in western regions. The study revealed ancient movement patterns of black bears and provide detailed 'genetic maps' that could help conservation management officials maintain healthy bear populations throughout North America.  Mizzou researchers provide detailed "genetic maps" that could help conservation management officials maintain healthy bear populations throughout North America. Last year, researchers at the University of Missouri published a study on genetic diversity in American black bears in Missouri, Arkansas and Oklahoma and determined that conservation management is needed to maintain healthy populations in the region. Now, those scientists have expanded the study to include black bears throughout North America. They discovered that black bears in Alaska are more closely related to bears in the eastern regions of the U.S. and Canada than those located in western regions. Details from the study revealed ancient movement patterns of black bears and provide detailed "genetic maps" that could help conservation management officials maintain healthy bear populations throughout North America. "This is the first genomics study of black bears across their range," said Emily Puckett, who recently received her doctoral degree from the College of Arts and Science at MU. "Using advanced nuclear genomics, the team delineated three geographic lineages of bears in the western eastern regions of North America and in Alaska. After identifying the three lineages, the team delineated them into nine geographically relevant regional clusters to better understand the relationships of populations within each cluster." The most prevalent method used in studying the distribution of genetic lineages across a species range, is to tap into the mitochondrial DNA of the cell, which mammals inherit only from their mother. Using more advanced techniques, Puckett and her team, including Lori Eggert, an associate professor in the Division of Biological Sciences, performed nuclear genomic testing by analyzing the nuclear genome that carries vastly more genes and information about a species. The team received more than 500 black bear DNA samples from wildlife agencies, universities and other private partners. "With the information gleaned from nuclear genomics, scientists are able to put a finer point on inheritance and lineages," Puckett said. "By doing so, we were able to trace lineages through black bears in these geographically diverse regions and through maternal and paternal lines showing evolution. As we began pinpointing these findings, it led to exceptional maps of genetic clusters we'd not previously seen and even ancient migration patterns of black bears." For example, more than 21,000 years ago during an ice age event, glaciers covered much of North America leaving only glacial refugium. Refugia are "pockets" of ice-free habitat where plants and animals retreat during ice ages. The researchers identified the location of four glacial refugia for black bears--in the Southeast, Southwest, Pacific Northwest, and Alaska--and explained movement patterns out of the refugia as the ice retreated. This, they believe, explains the present day distribution of bears. "What's exciting about the results of this study is that we now understand how bears are related across different geographical ranges and we can utilize this information to begin understanding functional adaptations such as hibernation characteristics," Puckett said. The genetic maps provided by the study also will help inform conservation management teams across state lines and even across countries including, Canada, the U.S. and Mexico. The study, "Phylogeographic analyses of American black bears (Ursus americanus) suggest four glacial refugia and complex patterns of post-glacial admixture," was published in the journal, Molecular Biology and Evolution. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2015/05/150521133742.htm Journal Reference: E. E. Puckett, P. D. Etter, E. A. Johnson, L. S. Eggert. Phylogeographic analyses of American black bears (Ursus americanus) suggest four glacial refugia and complex patterns of post-glacial admixture. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 2015; DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msv114 Abstract Studies of species with continental distributions continue to identify intraspecific lineages despite continuous habitat. Lineages may form due to isolation by distance, adaptation, divergence across barriers, or genetic drift following range expansion. We investigated lineage diversification and admixture within American black bears (Ursus americanus) across their range using 22k SNPs and mitochondrial DNA sequences. We identified three subcontinental nuclear clusters which we further divided into nine geographic regions: Alaskan (Alaska-East), eastern (Central Interior Highlands, Great Lakes, Northeast, Southeast), and western (Alaska-West, West, Pacific Coast, Southwest). We estimated that the western cluster diverged 67 kya, before eastern and Alaskan divergence 31 kya; these divergence dates contrasted with those from the mitochondrial genome where clades A and B diverged 1.07 Mya, and clades A-east and A-west diverged 169 kya. We combined estimates of divergence timing with hindcast species distribution models to infer glacial refugia for the species in Beringia, Pacific Northwest, Southwest, and Southeast. Our results show a complex arrangement of admixture due to expansion out of multiple refugia. The delineation of the genomic population clusters was inconsistent with the ranges for 16 previously described subspecies. Ranges for U. a. pugnax and U. a. cinnamomum were concordant with admixed clusters, calling into question how to order taxa below the species level. Additionally, our finding that U. a. floridanus has not diverged from U. a. americanus also suggests that morphology and genetics should be reanalyzed to assess taxonomic designations relevant to the conservation management of the species. http://mbe.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/05/15/molbev.msv114 |
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| Creeper | Mar 5 2016, 03:04 PM Post #28 |
Carboniferous Arthropod
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*MOVED HERE* |
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| Nergigante | Mar 5 2016, 04:09 PM Post #29 |
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Carnivore
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Haida Gwaii black bears:The Haida Gwaii black bear (Ursus americanus carlottae) is a morphologically distinct subspecies of the American black bear. The most significant morphological differences are its large size, massive cranium, and large molars. This subspecies is endemic to the Haida Gwaii (Queen Charlotte Islands) and is considered a "keystone species" because of the bears transportation of salmon remains into surrounding forests of Haida Gwaii., they are supposed to not have shrunken like their average north American counterparts, they are thought to be similar size of prehistoric black bears from the late Pleistocene, capable of getting as big as grizzlies bears, they can range in a variety but bigger black bears are more common to happen, a adult Haida Gwaii black bear can reach 7 feet tall as common but can reach 8 feet tall, the adult male black bears can reach a size from 400 to maybe 700 pounds similiarly to grizzlies bear, and even some inviduals Haida Gwaii black bear can have a humps because they can be more muscular than the north American black bear, for reasons unknown, they also seem to have longer muzzles/jaws and have bigger molars than expected, they are also more carnivorous their main source of food is salmon, but can eat other prey like small mammals, deer, crabs, and maybe steller sea lion cubs, but the Haida Gwaii black bear could still be more hervivorous.   
Edited by Nergigante, Mar 5 2016, 04:23 PM.
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| hawkkeye | Mar 5 2016, 06:40 PM Post #30 |
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Autotrophic Organism
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Do someone genetically testing them? They look like som black bear population with brown bear contribution in DNA. Especially the hump and head look really brown bear like. |
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