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| Striped Hyena - Hyaena hyaena | |
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| Tweet Topic Started: Jan 7 2012, 07:56 PM (9,124 Views) | |
| Taipan | Jan 7 2012, 07:56 PM Post #1 |
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Striped Hyena - Hyaena hyaena Appearance The Striped hyena is grayish-brown all over, with black stripes on their legs, torso, head and back. Their muzzle and ears are entirely black. They have a medium sized mane on their neck and shoulders. The striped hyena can erect the long hair on its mane and appear 38% bigger, which it does when it feels threatened. The Striped Hyena has a life span 10-12 years, but can live longer than this when kept in captivity. A large, powerful animal, the striped hyena is covered in pale tan to greyish fur, which is usually quite shaggy. Black stripes slide down its sides in a vertical arrangement, and the muzzle/face is usually dark with a black throat patch on the underside of the neck. From the nape of its neck down to the rump, the back is covered by a thick, erectile mane. This mane can be raised to make the hyena look quite large, and is used in displays against other striped hyenas. Striped hyenas frequently grab and shake each other by the neck in mock fighting rituals. The legs are long, and also striped, while the body and neck are thick and heavy-set. The tail is fluffy and reaches the hocks. Striped hyenas weigh from 57 to 90 pounds (26-41 kg). Length is about 4 to 5 feet (1.2-1.45m) from head to tail, and they stand about 2.2 to 2.5 feet (66-75cm) tall at the shoulder. There is not much difference between the sizes of the male and female. Habitat From Morocco and Senegal to Tanzania, across Asia Minor, the Arabian Peninsula, all the way to Eastern India as well as southern India. Striped hyenas inhabit open country, as well as the forests of India and the seashore, scavenging on animals which wash up from the sea. The hyenas are mainly active at night, resting by day under protruding rocks. Prey includes mammalian carrion, as well as the goats, sheep, donkeys, and horses of northern herdsmen, which tends to bring the hyenas into conflict with people. They will also eat insects, small animals such as mice, and fruit. Indeed, they often raid melon patches in Israel, bringing them into conflict with farmers.  Reproduction Females tend to come into sexual maturity at about 2-3 years, though pregnant females of only 15 months have been reported in the wild. The estrous cycle is about 45-50 days long, though the female is only fertile for one day during that time. Females can come into heat at any time of the year. Once the female has mated, gestation of the young takes about 88-92 days, and anywhere from 1-5 young are born, though usually there are only 2 cubs. Cubs open their eyes from 5-9 days after birth and start eating solid meat at 30 days, though they will continue to nurse for 4-5 months. Adults will bring food home to the den, which is usually in a crevice between rocks or in a hole dug by the parents. Relationship with other predators The striped hyenas habit of feasting on the kills of other predators inevitably results in some form of confrontation, ranging from threatining posturing to downright violence. In Africa the striped hyena is invariably dominated in feeding disputes against the larger apex carnivores such as lions and spotted hyena (though fabled hyena biologist Hans Kruuk has stated that there does appear to be some form of 'attraction' between the two hyenid species). Disputes against lone predators such as leopards and cheetahs are more difficult to predict, the outcome usually depending on who intimidates who first. In India and the Middle East, the striped hyena will sometimes enter conflict with wolves. Though individually stronger, the hyenas solitary nature puts it at a disadvantage against the more social wolf. Threats in the wild While the striped hyena has no natural predators, it does often come into conflict with men. Striped hyenas have been known to kill human beings, especially children, and they are often poisoned and trapped for preying on livestock or raiding farms. Some of their body parts are also believed to have medicinal value. Striped hyenas have also become endangered through habitat loss. Conservation Status It seems to be rather compatible with human populations, and its habitat is readily available and not in danger of disappearing. In Israel the striped hyaena may encounter wolves, red foxes and caracals at carcasses. On a one-to-one basis it is dominant over the wolf, but a group of four wolves has been observed driving a single hyaena from a carcass (H. Mendelssohn unpublished data). A caracal may drive a subadult striped hyaena away from a carcass (Skinner and Ilani 1979). Competitors in central Asia include leopards, wolves, golden jackals, red and corsac foxes and vultures (Heptner and Sludskij 1980). The striped hyaena frequently scavenges from kills of tiger, leopard, cheetah, and wolf- a major component of the striped hyaena's diet in central Asia are scavenged carcasses killed by wolves (Heptner and Sludskij 1980, Lukarevsky 1988). In India, the striped hyaena usually wins one-to-one encounters over carcasses with leopards, tiger cubs and domestic dogs but may be dominated by adult tigers (observations in Action Plan questionnaires, Pocock 1941, Rieger 1979 and references therein). In east Africa, the striped hyaena is dominated by the spotted hyaena and sometimes the leopard, yet in turn it may dominate the leopard and the domestic dog (Kruuk 1976). http://www.hyaena.ge/striped.htm#7 Courtesy form Dark Hyena  |
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| Canidae | Jan 10 2012, 05:05 AM Post #2 |
Omnivore
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Hyena seen in Turkmenistan, O.P'ed by Taipan Rare striped hyena spotted in Turkmenistan Monday 5 February 2007 A striped hyena has been spotted in north-eastern Turkmenistan, a rare sighting for a species close to extinction in Central Asia. Attracted by a growing number of prey, particularly bukhara deer, the threatened scavenger was recently spotted for the first time in the Amu Darya nature reserve. “We heard a crackling sound on the other side of the river and than a young deer run out from the bushes,” said Nadezhda Sokolova, who works in the reserve on a WWF bukhara deer project. “At first the deer was being chased by two jackals, but they were frightened off by something bigger. To our surprise, we saw a hyena.” Since the sighting Sokolova and her colleagues have found various hyena tracks and have heard howls in different parts of the reserve. “It seems that the hyena is settling down in the reserve,” she noted. The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) used to be widespread throughout the southern part of Central Asia, but numbers decreased drastically in the second half of the 20th century due to a decrease in ungulate populations and habitat loss to agriculture. The species now can be found mostly in southern Turkmenistan, but only in small numbers. In Uzbekistan and Tajikistan, only a few individuals have been recorded in recent years. Exact data on the number of hyenas left or the state of the population have not been collected. The discovery of a striped hyena in the northern part of Turkmenistan is a good sign that the environment is recovering. “In natural ecosystems, hyenas may be an important indicator when assessing ungulate populations,” said Olga Pereladova, Head of WWF’s Central Asia Programme. “Every sign of positive changes in the area’s biodiversity is important.” WWF is currently working in Turkmenistan, as well as throughout the Central Asian region, to develop a network of protected areas for the benefit of wildlife and the local communities. • The Striped hyena is grayish-brown all over, with black stripes on their legs, torso, head and back. Their muzzle and ears are entirely black. They have a medium sized mane on their neck and shoulders. The striped hyena can erect the long hair on its mane and appear 38% bigger, which it does when it feels threatened. The Striped Hyena has a life span 10-12 years, but can live longer than this when kept in captivity (Source: Wikipedia). • Striped hyenas weigh from 26-41kg. Length is about 1.2-1.45m from head to tail, and they stand about 66-75cm tall at the shoulder. There is not much difference between the sizes of the male and female. For further information: Masha Vinokurova, Communications Officer, WWF-Russia Tel: + 7 095 727 0939, Email: mvinokurova@wwf.ru http://www.panda.org/about_wwf/what_we_do/species/news/index.cfm?uNewsID=93440 |
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| Canidae | Jan 10 2012, 05:08 AM Post #3 |
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Omnivore
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Hyena presence in Armenia, O.P'ed by Taipan - Hyenas discovered in Armenia? Researchers find carcass, tracks Morgan Erickson-Davis, mongabay.com January 14, 2011 On October 1, 2010, the carcass of a striped hyena was found entangled in barbed wire surrounding an orchard in southern Armenia. The find represents the region's first confirmed hyena observation in over 60 years. Although they may be doglike in appearance, hyenas are actually more related to cats than dogs, with their closest relatives being the meerkats and mongooses. The striped hyena is the smallest true hyena species and retains many primitive features not found in larger species. It is preferentially a scavenger, but hunts on occasion. The striped hyena is native to North and East Africa, the Caucasus, the Middle East, and Middle, Central and Southern Asia. It is listed by the IUCN as Near Threatened, with an estimated total wild population of less than 10,000 mature individuals, and is expected to decline a further 10 percent within the next three generations primarily due to habitat loss. In Armenia, the last reliable sighting of a striped hyena occurred in the late 1940s when an individual was observed in the capitol city of Yerevan, with the last scientific record occurring in 1925 in the western portion of the country. The major cause of the species' extirpation from Armenia was the almost complete conversion of suitable hyena habitat into cropland. World Wildlife Federation (WWF) researchers discovered the striped hyena carcass in October during a routine leopard monitoring survey. While scavenging had taken place, enough of the skeleton was present for scientists to confirm species and age.  Striped hyena corpse entangled in barbed wire in southern Armenia.  A track found near the corpse in December. "I have studied the skull and, based on several methods of age determination (teeth, cranial sutures etc.), it's a young individual aged approximately 18 months. So, that could be a sign of a dispersing population penetrating inwards to Armenia from southern Azerbaijan or Karabakh." Igor Khorozyan, a leopard researcher at WWF Armenia, told mongabay.com. Since only one hyena has been confirmed, it's difficult to ascertain the true status of striped hyenas in Armenia. The carcass could simply be an isolated individual, or it could represent the presence of a resident population. However, the December discovery of tracks in the same area in which the carcass was found gives scientists hope that there could indeed be a pack in the area. "The tracks were on sand. As tracks on sand quickly disappear, it is unlikely that they could belong to the dead hyena which died in mid-September and was found on the October 1st," said Khorozyan. "It's hard to say now what does the hyena discovery mean for the species recovery in Armenia. Much is dependent on the sex of the dead hyena, since in hyena females are socially dominant. Our Georgian colleagues have been working now on sexing of that individual from its hair DNA." The discovery has prompted WWF to intensify its monitoring efforts with special attention given to the area where the tracks and carcass were found, in the hope that Armenia might once again be home to the striped hyena. http://news.mongabay.com/2011/0113-morgan_hyena_armenia.html |
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| Canidae | Jan 10 2012, 05:16 AM Post #4 |
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Omnivore
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Striped Hyena cave use, O.P'ed by Monsoon / Hyaenidae -                  From : http://www.geo.auth.gr/12icbs/proceedings/kempe_et_al.pdf |
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| Canidae | Feb 5 2012, 02:51 AM Post #5 |
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Omnivore
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 Striped Hyena with a larger Leopard over a kill. And the segment of a kill from Natural World : Tiger Dynasty - Leopards in India are around the average for the species I think; a male at around 120 lbs. I've not read anything official of Striped Hyena being larger than 90 lbs in India with 80 lbs being the average, however both both animals are understudied in India. |
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| Canidae | May 30 2012, 03:15 AM Post #6 |
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Omnivore
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Breeding Striped Hyenas in Arabia : Hyena cubs born in UAE's Sir Bani Yas Island The births are of particular significance to the UAE as the striped hyena is extinct in the UAE   Abu Dhabi: Two striped hyena cubs have been born on Sir Bani Yas Island following a breeding programme that is part of Abu Dhabi's Desert Islands Destination campaign. The births, announced on Tuesday, are of particular significance to the UAE as the striped hyena is extinct in the UAE and is classified by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as 'near threatened' worldwide. IUCN is the official body who monitor the status of nature and wildlife across the world. These are the first hyenas to be born wild in the UAE for many years. Phiri and Arnold, the parents of the cubs, were themselves raised by conservation staff in breeding centres and relocated to Sir Bani Yas Island in 2008 as part of a conservation programme after being taught to be self-sufficient in order to survive in the wild. The hyenas released from the breeding centre roam freely in the 4,100-hectare Arabian Wildlife Park on Sir Bani Yas Island along with cheetahs and some 4,000 antelopes and gazelles. Naming: Suggestions welcome To help increases awareness of the plight of the hyenas, Desert Islands invites people from around the world to suggest names for the cubs via the island's website. Desert Islands hopes that many people will log on to the wildlife blog, which is run by the conservation staff; www.desertislands.com and at the same time learn about the hyenas and other endangered animals on the island. Both cubs are healthy and visitors to the island may soon be able to see them roaming around the Arabian Wildlife Park. The striped hyena is the second largest hyena species after the spotted hyena and is smaller in stature than the brown hyena. Hyenas are medium-sized animals with a pointed muzzle, long bushy black-and-white tails, pointed ears and five to nine vertical stripes on the flanks. The clearer black transverse and horizontal stripes are on the legs. Males weigh between 26 and 41 kilogrammes while females weigh between 26 and 40 kilogrammes. http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/environment/hyena-cubs-born-in-uae-s-sir-bani-yas-island-1.577340 --------------------------- Reason why they're rare in Arabia : Hyena cubs caged for UAE market After the discovery of a pack of lion cubs in a flat in the Northern Emirates, Gulf News has found that other wild animals have been put up for sale illegally in animal markets in the UAE. Dubai: After the discovery of a pack of lion cubs in a flat in the Northern Emirates, Gulf News has found that other wild animals have been put up for sale illegally in animal markets in the UAE. Hyena cubs were the most readily available animals among promises by illegal traders to bring in "anything you want", from cheetahs, monkeys and crocodiles to anteaters. Orders are bagged behind closed doors where traders hold out colourful books for buyers to pick and choose the animals of their choice. The actual origin of the animals remains blurry but their health is of high interest to procure a profitable sale. According to one trader at the Sharjah animal market, certain veterinarians moonlighting to fill their own pockets are relied upon to give health certificates attesting the animal is healthy. During a visit to the market, Gulf News was shown two five-month-old hyena cubs for sale at Dh18,000, reduced from Dh20,000 as one of them had a leg injury after being caught in a trap. "One has a broken leg but we have fixed it now. It is 90 per cent fixed before the medicine would leak out of its leg. This is a special price because he has been injured from before," said the trader. He said the striped hyenas were caught in traps in Oman. "We can bring them anytime. There is a market for hyenas and cheetahs now. We had eight [hyenas] but one died," he said. The trader also brought a baby raccoon "for playing", while the hyenas were inspected and photographed. Five adult hyenas were also seen in a private compound near Al Dhaid, pacing behind bars in a cage. Nothing is known about the origin of these animals too. The striped hyena is not on a Cites (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Flora and Fauna) list but according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Red List, it is a near-threatened species, which means it is likely to qualify for a threatened category in the near future. According to the source from the animal market, monkeys are also smuggled in water tanks on dhows coming from Pakistan. "They put the monkeys in the tank and cover them up with a false bottom and fill the tank. If someone looks in they just see water. Once a shipment came in but half the monkeys were dead," he said. In danger: From the savannah Striped hyenas live in savannah, thorn bush and stony desert regions throughout northern and eastern Africa, Arabia, Asia Minor and India. Their range is within 6 miles of water. There are three species of larger hyena striped, brown and spotted. Brown and striped hyenas do not make loud whooping calls like the spotted species but all have elaborate greeting rituals. The striped hyena can make itself look nearly 40 per cent bigger by erecting the long hair on its mane, which it does when it feels threatened. It has a life span 10-12 years, but can live longer in captivity. The illegal wildlife trade is worth $6 billion (about Dh22 billion) a year according to a report in The Independent. Wildlife trade is the second-biggest direct threat to species, after habitat destruction. The figure was revealed in July following a meeting by Cites and top security officials in Beijing. Cites has been working with Interpol to enforce the UN agreement to tackle the rapid decline in wildlife through over-exploitation by trade. http://gulfnews.com/news/gulf/uae/general/hyena-cubs-caged-for-uae-market-1.251337 Follow link for cub pictures. Edited by Canidae, May 30 2012, 03:16 AM.
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| Canidae | Sep 7 2012, 02:59 AM Post #7 |
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Omnivore
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Hyaena theft of wolf killed carcass : "Trophy Hunter Snatching a blackbuck head from a wolf pack of 6 is no mean feat." http://www.indianaturewatch.net/displayimage.php?id=328136 |
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| Canidae | Mar 5 2013, 05:52 AM Post #8 |
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Omnivore
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Striped Hyaena male attempting a deer hunt in the morning at Sariska Tiger Reserve : On my right was a meadow where normally the deer grazed. If he was headed there for a hunt then why on the hillock? And then it dawned on me that he was avoiding being sighted by the deer. I told Rajinder to start the jeep and follow him and cut him off by a shorter route so that we reach the meadows before him. The Hyena did exactly what i had guessed. He climbed the hillock, came down into a nullah that opened up straight into the meadow and emerged there. A big herd of Sambhar, Neelgai & Cheetal were happily grazing and none had spotted him. The Hyena slowly advanced and then he was spotted. Suddenly the jungle came alive; a chorus of alarm calls, stomping of the hoofs and the run. The Hyena sprinted fast to wade into the herd.  More photos & full story : http://www.team-bhp.com/forum/travelogues/95860-gurgaon-sariska-gurgaon-yet-sight-tiger-cubs-22.html |
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| maker | Jan 1 2015, 02:39 PM Post #9 |
Apex Predator
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http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/first-striped-hyena-comes-to-corbett/1/405349.html |
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| Mesopredator | Nov 8 2015, 01:48 AM Post #10 |
Disaster taxa
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Not sure where to put this, so here it is. |
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| Ceratodromeus | Feb 11 2016, 03:56 PM Post #11 |
Aspiring herpetologist
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Some stuff i've found recently; Interactions with other predators(fromThe behavior guide to african mammals: including hoffed mammals, carnivores, primates (By Richard Estes) -- similar to what we see in brown and spotted hyenas  Interesting that we see cheetah's showing subordinate behaviors with this species, considering this is the smaller Hyaena species Here we have a bit of information of remains of animals brought back to striped hyena dens, as well as a bit of information on niche segregation between spotted hyenas and striped hyenas From the book The Hunters Or the Hunted?: An Introduction to African Cave Taphonomy 
Edited by Ceratodromeus, Feb 11 2016, 03:57 PM.
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| Ceratodromeus | Feb 18 2016, 05:53 AM Post #12 |
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Aspiring herpetologist
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more on striped hyenas appropriating kills from leopards, as well as mentions of predation on mid sized livestock from here |
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| Scalesofanubis | Mar 19 2016, 02:47 AM Post #13 |
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Omnivore
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GIZMODO Hyenas and Wolves Are Teaming Up to Survive Esther Inglis-Arkell  Image: Department of Wildlife Sciences, Aligarh Muslim University, India, Dr. Shamshad Alam Different species of carnivores don’t get along. At best, they’re in direct competition for prey. At worst, they turn each other into prey. But recently, zoologists found that two predators are teaming up to both survive and haunt your nightmares. The Negev Desert in southern Israel is one of the most arid places in the world. Among its remarkable features are a series of canyons, and in those canyons, two researchers from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, found a striped hyena running with a pack of gray wolves. They describe their findings in Zoology in the Middle East. Although spotted hyenas live in matriarchal social groups, striped hyenas are thought to be solitary. They’re only seen in company around a very big kill or when they have young offspring with them. Gray wolves are social, but they don’t socialize with other species—especially a species known to kill, if not wolves, then at least any dog it encounters. When the researchers found hyena tracks mixed with gray wolf tracks, they figured that they had run over the same area at different times. One day, after a flash flood, they found a layer of moist sand imprinted with hyena and wolf tracks. In some places, the prints of one of the three wolves was on top of the prints of the hyena. In other places, the hyena print was on top of a wolf print. This indicated they had all traveled through the area at the same time. Despite searching, the researchers couldn’t spot the actual animals—until four years later, when they returned and observed a wolf pack traveling with a hyena in its midst. The scientists don’t know whether this is an isolated incident or whether they spotted two different packs with two different hyenas. They do speculate on what brought these carnivores together. The Negev Desert is one of the harshest environments in the range of either of these animals, and each animal has skills it can bring to the table. Wolves may be the more direct predators. They’re faster than the hyena and can bring down large animals. The hyena is more of a scavenger—and is particularly good at scavenging human detritus. It can smell garbage from a greater distance than the wolves can, is a better digger than the wolves, and has jaws that can crack open discarded bones and tin cans. This means that humans might have a hand in bringing predators together. That’s almost heartwarming. http://gizmodo.com/hyenas-and-wolves-are-teaming-up-to-survive-1765601779?utm_campaign=socialflow_gizmodo_facebook&utm_source=gizmodo_facebook&utm_medium=socialflow |
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| Taipan | Mar 21 2016, 02:38 PM Post #14 |
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Journal Reference: Vladimir Dinets, Beniamin Eligulashvili. Striped Hyaenas (Hyaena hyaena) in Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) packs: cooperation, commensalism or singular aberration? Zoology in the Middle East, 2016; 62 (1): 85 DOI: 10.1080/09397140.2016.1144292 Non-antagonistic interspecific relationships among carnivores are poorly known and difficult to study. Many such relationships probably remain undiscovered, and even in better-known cases their nature is often unclear (see, for example, Lehner, 1981 vs. Minta, Minta, & Lott, 1992) as it is virtually impossible to quantify costs and benefits: do both species benefit from such a relationship, or just one, or none of them? The behavioural ecology of the Striped Hyaena (Hyaena hyaena) is poorly known. It is believed to be a solitary forager, although multiple individuals can be present at a rich food source such as a large carcass, juveniles can accompany their mother on foraging trips, and small polyandric groups can share territories and daytime resting sites (Holekamp & Kolowski, 2009). It is not known to associate with other carnivore species during foraging. Striped Hyaenas kill dogs (Canis familiaris), including those of large, aggressive breeds (Heptner & Sludskij, 1992). Other hyena species are highly intolerant of other large carnivores and even members of other conspecific groups (Van Lawick & Goodall, 1970; Kruuk, 2014). Grey Wolf (Canis lupus) is a highly social predator (Fox, 1971); however, there is no record of other carnivore species, except the closely related domestic dog, associating with wolf packs. Dogs are hunted and killed much more often than accepted, while Coyotes (Canis latrans) and Golden Jackals (C. aureus) are actively chased away from kills and often hunted (Fox, 1971). The observations presented below show that Striped Hyaenas can closely associate with Grey Wolf packs, although the nature and duration of such association remain unknown. On 15 March 1994, just before sunrise, VD found a trackway consisting of Grey Wolf and Striped Hyaena tracks at the bottom of Wadi Netafim near Eilat, Israel (29o 34’N, 34o 55’E, 241 m a. s. l.). VD had frequently found wolf and hyaena tracks in this area in previous months, but in poor state of preservation due to dry sand. This time, however, the bottom of the wadi was covered with a layer of fine, moist sand left by a small flash flood a few days earlier, so the footprints were well preserved. The trackway consisted of tracks of three Grey Wolves (hindfoot print lengths 12, 9, and 8 cm) and one Striped Hyaena (hindfoot print length 9 cm). VD followed the tracks upstream for approximately 400 m, at which point they disappeared on rocky terrain. Remarkably, in many places the hyaena tracks were on top of wolf tracks, but in other places the sequence was the opposite; the tracks of the three wolves also overlapped each other in all possible orders, indicating that the tracks of all four animals were left at the same time and that the hyaena was sometimes following the wolves and sometimes was being followed by at least some of them. On 25 November 1998, approximately 1 h after sunset, while spotlighting from a jeep at Wadi Roded (29o 35’N, 34o 56’E, 175 m a. s. l., approximately 1300 m from the previous location), BE and two co-observers saw a group consisting of 4 adult and 3 subadult Grey Wolves and one Striped Hyaena. The animals were observed for 2-3 minutes as they climbed up the wadi slope, repeatedly stopping to look back at the car. The hyaena was not following the wolves, but moving in the middle of the pack. Next morning BE re-visited the site and found numerous hyena and wolf tracks, but no carrion or other possible food items in the vicinity. Both Grey Wolves and Striped Hyaenas of southernmost Israel, where the observations took place, are known to be predators and scavengers, their food ranging from large ungulates to insects to crops to garbage (Hofer, 1998; Mendelssohn & Yom-Tov, 1999). Why would two species with such a large dietary overlap associate with each other instead of being antagonistic? There are at least three possibilities. First, it could be aberrant behaviour by a single hyaena. Although the two observations were four years apart, Striped Hyaenas are known to live in the wild for at least 12 years (Heptner & Sludskij, 1992). This explanation is supported by the fact that in many years of wolf research in Israel, no association of wolves with hyaenas other than being present at large carrion at the same time has been reported (Reuven Hepner, Israel Nature & Parks Authority, pers. comm. April 2015). It does, however, not explain the apparent tolerance of the wolves towards the hyaena. Second, the hyaenas might be the wolves’ commensals or kleptoparasites, following them to feed on large bones and hide fragments, the typical leftovers of wolf kills (Sillero-Zubiri, 2009). Spotted Hyaenas (Crocuta crocuta) are known to follow packs of African Wild Dogs (Lycaon pictus) and take over their kills (Van Lawick & Goodall, 1970). Striped Hyaenas have been reported to feed on wolf kills (Toylyyev, 1970), and even to take over leopard (Panthera pardus) kills (Pocock, 1941). But if this is the case, why did the hyaenas move in the middle of the packs, and the wolves tolerate them? Third, the hyaenas and the wolves might be symbionts. Symbiotic partnerships are known among other carnivores (Minta et al., 1992). The hyaenas could benefit from the wolves’ superior ability to hunt large, agile prey, while the wolves could benefit from the hyaenas’ superior sense of smell (Mills, 1990) and their ability to break large bones, to locate and dig out fossorial animals such as tortoises (Holekamp & Kolowski, 2009), and to tear open discarded food containers such as tin cans (VD, pers. obs.). Both the Grey Wolf and the Striped Hyaena are widely distributed in the Palaearctic region with a broad overlap of the ranges in particular the Middle East (AbiSaid & Dloniak, 2015; Kasparek, Kasparek, Gözcelioğlu, Çolak, & Yiğit, 2004; Mech & Boitani, 2010). Southernmost Israel, where the observations took place, is one of the most arid places where Striped Hyaenas and Grey Wolves co-occur (Holekamp & Kolowski, 2009; Sillero-Zubiri, 2009), with average annual precipitation of just 29 mm (Orni & Efrat, 1971). Such extreme conditions could drive the two species into the unusual symbiosis. However, the possibility of wolf-hyaena symbiosis is not yet supported by any other data. http://dinets.info/hyenas&wolves.pdf |
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| Ceratodromeus | Mar 28 2016, 04:59 AM Post #15 |
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Aspiring herpetologist
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some information from BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY OF THE STRIPED HYENA (Hyaena hyaena) (by Aaron Wagner) weight of adults from a kenya population  from BEHAVIORAL ECOLOGY OF THE STRIPED HYENA (Hyaena hyaena) (by Aaron Wagner) Also, here is sme interesting notes on the dietary habits of this species from Mammals of the soviet union  Edited by Ceratodromeus, Mar 28 2016, 05:53 AM.
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2:20 AM Jul 14
